Bird Community of Planted and Original Reed Wetland in Taihu Lakeside

27 Mar Bird Community of Planted and Original Reed Wetland in Taihu Lakeside

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Abstract

人工种植芦苇是湖泊湿地保护与恢复的重要手段! 人工芦苇湿地鸟类群落研 究有助于评价湿地生态功能的恢复效果& 自 "#$# 年 * 月到 "#$$ 年 ( 月! 根据研究样地情况在人工芦 苇湿地内设置一条 $I( G:的样线和一条 $I# G:的样线! 原生芦苇湿地内设置一条 $I( G:的样线和两 条 "## :的样线! 逐月对苏州太湖国家湿地公园内的人工芦苇湿地和原生芦苇湿地鸟类群落进行了对 比研究! 运用单因素 O4,dO分析两种生境的差异性& 结果表明! 芦苇湿地共记录到鸟类 $$ 目 " 科 (# 种! 其中人工*原生芦苇湿地分别为 '& 种*'* 种! 共有种 "( 种& 棕头鸦雀" N+*+=(L(*$#&U%99#+$)& # * 黑水鸡"R+,,#$),+ 3",(*(2)& # *白头鹎"N03$($(4)&&#$%$&#& # *纯色鹪莺 " N*#$#+ #$(*$+4+# 等留鸟在芦苇湿地 中一直占优势地位& 总体上看! 两种芦苇生境中鸟类种数和密度的月变化趋势较为一致! 最低值分别 出现在 $ 月"$$ 种# 和 " 月 ""(I'* 只 0>: " # ! 最大值分别出现在 ( 月 "'# 种# 和 * 月 "H'I*% 只 0>: " # & 从各季节看! 春季"BI m'I%$$ (#和夏季 " BIm'I#(# $# 人工芦苇湿地鸟类多样性高于原生芦苇湿地! 春季"'m#I&&' (# *夏季"'m$I#'( &#和冬季"'m#I'$ (#人工芦苇湿地均匀度低于原生芦苇湿地% 全 年多样性指数和均匀度指数人工芦苇湿地"BI m'I"H% H! 'm#I&' &# o原生芦苇湿地"BI m'I'## "! ' m#I&"# &# & 从两种芦苇湿地的鸟类群落比较来看! 各项数据差异均不显著! 苏州太湖国家湿地公园 内人工芦苇湿地的恢复已接近原生芦苇湿地&

English Abstract

Planting reeds is an important way to protect and recover lake wetland. Birds diversity is a good indicator to evaluate the recovery efficiency of the wetland ecological function. To examine the planting reeds affected the birds diversity,we set two sample lines( 1. 5 km and 1. 0 km) in the planted reed wetland,and three sample lines( one 1. 5 km and two 200 m) in the original reed wetland in the sample area in Suzhou Taihu Lake National Wetland Park. A survey has conducted on bird community structures in two kinds of reedbed from June 2010 to May 2011,and the differences between them has analyzed by using ANOVA. A total of 50 birdspecies belonged to 11 orders,28 families were recorded,among which 39 and 36 species were found in the planted reed wetland and in the original reed wetland respectively,and 25 species were recorded in both habitats. Resident birds such as Vinous-throated Parrotbill( Paradoxornis webbianus),Common Moorhen( Gallinula chloropus),Light-vented Bulbul( Pycnonotus sinensis) and Plain Prinia( Prinia inornata) were dominant species in the two kinds of wetland. In general,the change trend of bird species and density was consistent,with the lowest value in January( 11 species) and February( 25. 86 birds each hectare),reached maximum in May( 30 species) and June( 73. 64 birds each hectare). The bird community biodiversity of planted reed wetland was higher in spring( H’ = 3. 411 5) and summer( H’ = 3. 050 1),while the evenness index of planted reed wetland was lower in spring( J = 0. 993 5),summer( J = 1. 035 9) and autumn( J =0. 831 5). Throughout the year,the diversity and evenness index of planted reed wetland( H’ = 3. 274 7,J =0. 893 9) were lower than that of original reed wetland( H’ = 3. 300 2,J = 0. 920 9). No significant difference was observed between the two reed wetlands,indicating that the planted reed wetland restoration was close to original reed wetland.