Current Status of and Perspectives on the Specified Wildlife Conservation and Ma Gement Plans and Monitoring for Japanese Black Bear in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan

Current Status of and Perspectives on the Specified Wildlife Conservation and Ma Gement Plans and Monitoring for Japanese Black Bear in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan

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Abstract

兵庫県におけるツキノワグマの保護管理計画について,計画目標の達成状況と施策の効果を評価するモニタリングの現状と課題を報告する.実施しているモニタリングは,被害防止に直結する項目と生息状況の把握に必要となる項目を優先しており,個体数推定は行っていない.計画を施行した2003年から5年間に捕獲されたツキノワグマについては,学習放獣することを基本とし,総捕獲数(121頭)の86%(104頭)を学習放獣した.放獣後は,行動監視を徹底し,不要な捕殺を避ける一方,再被害を確認した場合には,速やかに次の対策に移行する措置をとった.これらの出没対応によって,個体数の減少に一定の歯止めをかけることができたと考えられる.学習放獣の効果を上げるためには,放獣と同時に誘引物の徹底管理や追い払いの対策を行うことが必要であるが,それぞれ対策上の課題が山積しており十分ではない.追い払いや学習放獣の手法改善,誘引物管理の普及啓発などについて,より効果的な方法を実施していく必要がある.県境を越えた広域管理については新たな枠組みづくりを近隣府県や国と検討していくことが必要である.これらの課題に取り組みながら,科学的データに基づく対応を浸透させていくことが被害防止と個体群の保全につながると考えている.

English Abstract

We reported on the current status and issues involved in the Specified Wildlife Conservation and Ma gement Plans (SWCMP) for the Japanese black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in 2003–2007 in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Two populations of black bear in Hyogo Prefecture are distributed in the east-Chugoku and north-Kinki regions, and each of these populations has been isolated and endangered. However, the numbers of human-bear conflicts in these regions have been increasing. After the SWCMP was implemented, 86% of all bears captured for nuisance control and miss-trapping have been released with aversive conditioning. We fitted 44 bears with transmitters and monitored their subsequent behavior as long as possible. By such careful monitoring, we could avoid unneeded control-killing of bears. And we could euthanize bears in case of aversive-conditioning when captured again in the same or different village according to the guidelines of the SWCMP. These releases may have prevented the local extinction of the bear populations. We still have at least two problems related to bear ma gement. First, we must develop more effective methods to drive away bears, release with aversive conditioning, and educate local people. Another issue to be solved is large scale ma gement of bear populations distributed over multiple prefectures.

Note: This may be a translation of the abstract and not a text provided by authors.

Article Information

Title (non-english): 兵庫県におけるツキノワグマの保護管理計画及びモニタリングの現状と課題
Country: Japan
Language: Japanese
Year: 2008
Study Design: After
Authors: Mayumi Yokoyama// Hiroshi Sakata// Yoshiki Morimitsu// Daisuke Fujiki// Yasuyuki Muroyama
Journal: Mammalian Science
Volume: 48
Issue: 1
Pages: 65-71
City/state or province/country: Hyogo prefecture, Japan