Effects of Transplanting on the Grassland Biomass and the Plant Diversity in the Region of the Brahmaputra River in Tibet

27 Mar Effects of Transplanting on the Grassland Biomass and the Plant Diversity in the Region of the Brahmaputra River in Tibet

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Abstract

为探索移栽措施对“ 一江两河” 地区退化草地恢复过程中草地生物量、 功能群结构和物种多样性方面的影 响， 以“ 一江两河” 地区达孜县的退化草地为研究对象， 运用对比方法开展苜蓿与草木樨的移栽试验。结果表明： 移 栽处理显著提高了草地植物群落的地上生物量， 处理间差异显著（ Ｐ＜０． ０ ５， ｎ＝５）， 同时使得植 物 群 落 植 物 多 样 性 发生变化， 移栽处理后Ｓｈａ ｎｎｏｎ－Ｗ ｉ ｅ ｎｅｒ多样性指数、 Ｍａｒ ｇ ａ ｌｅｆ物种丰富度指数高于对照处理， 移栽处理与对照２种 处理之间差异显著（ Ｐ＜０． ０ ５， ｎ＝５）， Ｓｉ ｍｐ ｓ ｏｎ多样性指数低于对照， 处理间差异显著（ Ｐ＜０． ０ ５， ｎ＝５）， Ｐｉ ｅ ｌｏｕ均匀 度指数高于对照处理， 但处理间差异不显著（ Ｐ＞０． ０ ５， ｎ＝５）。移栽处理填补了群落水平空间与垂直空间的空白生 态位， 提高了植物群落对水平空间与垂直空间的资源利用； 添加了新的功能群， 改变了原有功能群在植物群落功能 群中的比例。因此适量移栽可以使草地的经济价值得以提高， 有利于退化草地的恢复和生态系统的稳定。

English Abstract

The investigation of effects of transplanting on the grassland biomass,the structure of functional groups and on the plant diversity had been carried out since June 2013 in a transplant experiment in Dagze county degraded alpine meadow in the region of the Brahmaputra River in Tibet.Results showed that the transplanting fill of the empty niche in a horizontal and vertical way enhanced the community’s horizontal and vertical spaces of resource.Transplanting added a new functional group,changed the original functional proportion,improved the ground biomass,and changed the community diversity at the same time.After transplanting,Shannon-Wiener species richness of diversity indices and Margalef index were higher than that of the CK,which were significantly better than the CK(P0.05,n=5).Simpson diversity index was lower than that of the CK,and significantly different from the CK(P0.05,n=5),Pielou evenness index was higher than that of the CK,which was not significantly different from the CK(P0.05,n=5).In conclusion,proper transplant could raise the utility value of alpine meadows,but in the meantime,it would be better to recover the degraded grassland and maintain the stability of the ecosystem.