Invasion Status of Eragrostis Curvula in the Lycaeides Argyrognomon Praeterinsularis Habitat Along the Abe River, and the Effects of Its Removal

Invasion Status of Eragrostis Curvula in the Lycaeides Argyrognomon Praeterinsularis Habitat Along the Abe River, and the Effects of Its Removal

View Original

Abstract

河原は希少な草原性チョウ類にとって重要な生息地である。しかし近年,外来植物の侵入・蔓延によって河原環境は悪化している。静岡県安倍川本流の河原でもシナダレスズメガヤが分布域を拡大しており,環境省レッドリスト掲載種ミヤマシジミとその食樹であるコマツナギの衰退が懸念されている。そこで本研究では1949年以降にミヤマシジミが記録された32地点において,ミヤマシジミおよびコマツナギの生息・生育状況とシナダレスズメガヤの侵入状況を調査した。さらに1地点(門屋)においてシナダレスズメガヤ除去実験を行い,除去処理2年目と3年目にコマツナギの花および種子生産の回復程度を調べた。調査した32地点のうち7地点(21.9%)でミヤマシジミの生息が確認された。これらは中流部(河口から約22~31kmの範囲)に集中していた。シナダレスズメガヤの侵入は32地点中20地点(62.5%)で認められ,うち5地点はミヤマシジミ生息地であった。優占地ではコマツナギ実生が全く観察されなかった。シナダレスズメガヤ除去実験では,コマツナギ個体の花および種子生産に正の除去効果が認められた。除去3年目の個体あたり花数は平均6965.5(±2308.9 SE)個となり,非除去区(2467.7±658.6個)より2.8倍も多かった。これは,個体あたり花序数の増加によるものであった。個体あたり種子数は573.2±156.2個と,非除去区(300.7±29.2個)より1.9倍多かった。しかし,結果率がそれぞれ4.3±0.9%,3.2±0.6%と低いため,除去区でさえ個体あたり種子数は少なかった。今後,現存する生息地7地点においてシナダレスズメガヤ侵入による質の低下を防ぎ,ミヤマシジミ生息地の核として適正に管理すること,これら7地点と保全活動の拠点である門屋を結ぶように生息地ネットワークを復元することが,安倍川のミヤマシジミ保全にとって必要であろう。

English Abstract

Riparian habitats are important for rare grassland butterflies. However, exotic plants have recently invaded these habitats, and have often spread rapidly and widely. Indigofera pseudotinctoria Matsum. is a shrub in the Leguminosae, and is the host plant of the threatened butterfly Lycaeides argyrognomon praeterinsularis. An exotic invasive grass, Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees, has recently populated the floodplains of the Abe River in Shizuoka, Japan, and its ecological impact on I. pseudotinctoria and therefore on L. argyrognomon is of increasing concern. We examined the occurrence of L. argyrognomon, the size of I. pseudotinctoria populations, and the invasion status of E. curvula at 32 sites along a river where L. argyrognomon had previously been recorded. Then, we conducted a three-year removal experiment at Kadoya to assess the effects of removal treatment on I. pseudotinctoria. Adult L. argyrognomon were observed at seven sites (21.9%) that were all located in the middle reach (21〜30km from the mouth) of the river. E. curvula was observed at 20 sites (62.5%), including five sites with L. argyrognomon. The removal experiment confirmed that this treatment has positive effects on both the flower and seed production of I. pseudotinctoria. In the third year of the experiment, the total number of flowers per plant was 6,965.5±2,308.9 (mean±SE) in the removal plot and 2,467.7±658.6 SE in the invaded one (i.e., the control). The total number of seeds per plant was 573.2±156.2 and 300.7±29.2, respectively. Contrary to our expectations, the recovery of seed production was rather small due to the extremely low fruit set (4.3±0.9 and 3.2±0.6, respectively). These findings suggest that special effort is needed to prevent E. curvula invasion of the existing L. argyrognomon habitat, and for restoring these sites properly to increase habitat quality. At the landscape level, designing and restoring the habitat networks connecting the current habitat (core sites) and Kadoya (the demonstration site) are necessary for the conservation of L. argyrognomon along the river.

Note: This may be a translation of the abstract and not a text provided by authors.

Article Information

Title (non-english): 安倍川のミヤマシジミ生息地におけるシナダレスズメガヤの侵入状況と除去処理の効果
Country: Japan
Language: Japanese
Year: 2009
Study Design: CI
Authors: Yojiro HAGIWARA// Masayuki YAMASHITA// Hitoshi SAWADA
Journal: Japanese Journal of Conservation Ecology
Volume: 14
Issue: 1
Pages: 25-35
City/state or province/country: Abe river, Sizuoka-shi, Sizuoka prefecture, Japan