The Influence of Plant Community Biomass and Species Diversity of Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Gully Area of the Hilly Loess Region

27 Mar The Influence of Plant Community Biomass and Species Diversity of Different Vegetation Restoration Patterns in the Gully Area of the Hilly Loess Region

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Abstract

对黄土丘陵区 3个不同植被恢复模式沟谷地植被群落的生物量和物种多样性特征进行 样方调查, 统计分析了不同植被恢复模式沟谷地植物群落的盖度、生物量、物种多样性、植物种 群相似系数。 调查共记录植物 82种, 隶属 32个科; 其中, 乔木植物 5科, 6种; 灌木植物 8 科, 11 种。 经过 20 a左右的植被恢复重建, 不同植被恢复模式沟谷地的植被群落均呈现良好演替趋 势; 人工植被柠条灌丛和刺槐林恢复模式对沟谷地草本层盖度和群落枯落物盖度及生物量方面 作用效果较好; 而天然草地对沟谷地草本层生物量方面作用效果较好; 沟谷地物种多样性指数 表现出人工植被恢复模式效果优于自然恢复, 而且人工柠条灌丛植被恢复模式优于人工刺槐林 植被恢复模式。 柠条灌丛沟谷地不同坡位植物种群相似系数较高, 而刺槐林沟谷地和天然草地 沟谷地不同坡位植物种群相似系数略低; 沟谷地的种群相似系数在沟坡上部略高于沟坡下部和 沟底, 东坡略高于西坡。 人工植被建设可以促进黄土丘陵区沟谷地的植被恢复进程。 论文建议 在今后黄土丘陵区沟谷地人工植被建设过程中, 需要加大乡土树种的引入、提高树种的多样性、 合理树种的空间配置和注意灌 乔树种的比例

English Abstract

Vegetation restoration and reconstruction of the gully area is very important for controlling soil erosion and constructing ecological environment in the hilly loess region.In this study,we choose three different vegetation restoration patterns in gully areas locating in the typical hilly loess region of Ansai County,northern Shaanxi Province.They were Gully 1,Gully 2 and Gully 3,being the Robinia pseudoacacia forest vegetation restoration pattern(artificial arboreal forest),the Caragana korshinskii shrub vegetation restoration pattern(artificial shrub)and natural restoration pattern(natural grassland)respectively.The gully area was divided into five transects: there were the upper west slope(Wu),the lower west slope(Wl),the bottom of south-north gully area(SNb),the lower east slope(El)and the upper east slope(Eu)respectively.Ten sample plots were randomly set up in each transect.There were 50 sample plots in each gully area,totalling 150 in this investigation.The investigation was conducted on plant species coverage,biomass,species diversity and species similarity coefficient of the sample plots.Based on the investigation,82 species belonging to 32 families were found.Included were six arbor species belonging to five families and 11 shrub species belonging to eight families.After 20 years vegetation restoration and reconstruction,vegetative succession has presented a better succession trend in three different vegetation restoration patterns in the gully area.The Caragana korshinskii shrub vegetation restoration pattern and the Robinia pseudoacacia forest vegetation restoration pattern had a good function effect in plant community coverage of herb layer and coverage and biomass of community litter;and natural restoration pattern had a good function effect in biomass of plant community herb layer.The species diversity index of artificial vegetation restoration pattern was more effective than natural vegetation restoration pattern in the gully area.The Caragana korshinskii shrub vegetation restoration pattern was better than the Robinia pseudoacacia forest vegetation restoration pattern.The species similarity coefficient of the Caragana korshinskii shrub vegetation restoration pattern was higher than that of the Robinia pseudoacacia forest vegetation restoration pattern,and the natural restoration pattern in the gully area at different slope positions.The species similarity index of the upper slope in the gully area was higher than the lower slope and the bottom of the gully,and that of east slope was higher than the west slope.The construction of artificial vegetation can promote the process of vegetation restoration in gully area of the hilly loess region.We suggested that the process of artificial vegetation construction needs to intensify the introduction of native species,to enhance species diversity,to rationalize spatial configuration of tree species and to pay attention to the proportion of shrubby and arboreal tree species in the gully area.