The Vegetation Succession of Ecological Recovery Process In red Soil Slope of North Hunan Province

27 Mar The Vegetation Succession of Ecological Recovery Process In red Soil Slope of North Hunan Province

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Abstract

采用森林资源清查调查相关植被指标（Simpson 指数，物种均匀度指数和多样性指数）的方法，对湘北红壤坡地恢复 区和退化区近 20 年来生态恢复过程中植被演变，生物生产力及碳平衡的变化情况进行了初步调查分析。结果表明，（1）恢 复区植被在 20 年间经历了缓慢恢复、快速恢复和物种逐渐减少 3 个阶段，物种由 32 种增加至 73 种；退化区物种经历了先 减少、后增加、再急剧减少 3 个阶段，物种由 43 种减少至 27 种。（2）恢复区草本的 Simpson 指数持续减少，灌木草本无明 显规律，草本和灌木的物种均匀度呈降低态势，乔木多样性指数变化规律不明显；退化区草本各项多样性指标无明显变化趋 势，灌木各项多样性指数均在稳步提高。（3）恢复区生物量和碳量稳步提高， 2003─2012 年间植被含碳量增加到原来的 1.48 倍；退化区生物量和含碳量总体下降， 2003─2013 年间植被含碳量从 387 g·m-2 降低到 356.9 g·m-2。

English Abstract

Based on the forest resources inventory and vegetation indexes (Simpson index, species evenness index and diversity
index), the change of vegetation, biomass and carbon balance in restoration area and degradation area in red soil region from 1995 to
2013 was observed and analyzed. The results showed that there were three stages-slow recuperating stage, rapid recuperating stage
and species loss stage in the restoration area and the species diversity in this area increased from 32 to 73. However, the species
diversity in degradation area reduced firstly and then increased and decreased dramatically at last, which caused the species diversity
in this area fall from 43 to 27. In the restoration area, the Simpson index of herb declined continuously, but there was no obvious
regularity in shrub herb; the species evenness of herbs and shrubs was detected to have a reduce trend; the diversity index of trees
had no obvious regularity. In the degradation area, all three indexes of herbs had no significant trend, while the diversity index of
shrubs improved steadily. The biomass and carbon content in restoration area improved steadily and the carbon content of vegetation
in 2013 increased by 1.48 times compared that in 2003. However, in the degradation area, there was a decline trend in biomass and
carbon content and the carbon content of vegetation decreased from 387 g·m-2 to 356.9 g·m-2 during 2003 and 2013.